|
was a Japanese photographer noted for a wide range of work including documentary (particularly genre scenes of the period immediately after the war) and portraiture. ==Youth and early career== Hayashi was born in Saiwai-chō, Tokuyama (since 2003 part of Shūnan), Yamaguchi (Japan) on 5 March 1918, to a family running a photographic studio (Hayashi Shashin-kan, ).〔"Chronology", pp. 178, 179. This informative chronology is in parallel versions, Japanese and English, and is the basis of the biographical information here unless otherwise noted.〕 The boy's mother, Ishi Hayashi (, ''Hayashi Ishi'') was an accomplished photographer, particularly of portraits, taught by her father; his father, Shin'ichi Hayashi (, ''Hayashi Shin'ichi'') was a mediocre photographer and a spendthrift; the boy's grandfather forced the parents to divorce and the boy grew up with his mother and surrounded by photography. He did well at school, where he took photographs. Hayashi graduated from school in 1935, and his mother determined that he would apprentice himself to the photographer Shōichi Nakayama (, ''Nakayama Shōichi''). Nakayama was based in Ashiya, Hyōgo, but had a second studio in Shinsaibashi, Osaka. Hayashi did much running of errands between the two. On one occasion he passed the Ashiya studio of the photographer Iwata Nakayama late at night and was reinspired in photography by his realization of the effort Nakayama was putting in. A year later he contracted tuberculosis and returned to Tokuyama, where he enthusiastically practiced photography while recuperating, and participated in the group Neko-no-me-kai (, “Cat's-Eye Group”) under the photographer Sakae Tamura using the name Jōmin Hayashi (, ''Hayashi Jōmin''). In 1937 Hayashi went to Tokyo, where he studied at the Oriental School of Photography (, ''Orientaru Shashin Gakkō''), again under Tamura. On his graduation the following year, he returned to Tokuyama, but “spent a year in dissipation, drinking heavily every night”.〔”Chronology”, p. 181.〕 Yet he managed to retain his interest and prowess in photography. In 1939 his family decided to make a final allowance to him of ¥200, which he quickly wasted in Tokyo on food and drink.〔Hayashi would continue to drink heavily. Midorikawa recalls how Hayashi, Akiyama and he “often ended up dead drunk” after nights out in Ōmori in 1946. Ueda's memories corroborate this. Saitō's are more alarming: contrary to Hayashi's claim that he spent eight hours on each of working, sleeping or drinking, Saitō asserts that drinking was his main activity, incapacitating him — until a camera was in his hands.〕 Tamura got him a job in a developing and printing firm in Yokohama, where he worked at both printmaking and commercial photography. A few months later he moved to Tōkyō Kōgeisha () in Ginza, where he soon had an unexpected opportunity to demonstrate his unusual command, gained in Yokohama, of flash illumination. Demand for his services increased. He married Akiko Sasaki (, ''Sasaki Akiko''), from Tokuyama. In 1940 Hayashi's photographs appeared in the photography magazine ''Shashin Shūhō,'' and the next year also the women's magazine ''Fujin Kōron,'' and ''Asahi Camera.'' The couple had their first child, a son, Yasuhiko (). In 1942 Hayashi went to the Japanese embassy in Beijing, with the North China News Photography Association (, ''Kahoku Kōhō-shashin Kyōkai''), which he had just cofounded. While in China he did a lot of work with what was then regarded as a wide-angle lens;〔A 35mm lens, which for a 24×36mm frame has a diagonal angle of view of 63°; in the early twenty-first century, lenses such as this are commonly regarded as standard rather than wide.〕 this led to his nickname of ''Waido no Chū-san'' (, “wide Mr Chū”).〔''Chū'' is an alternative reading of the ''tada'' within Tadahiko. (This incidentally is the ''chū'' of Itōchū.) As recounted by Ōtake. Ueda and Saitō confirm that the name Chū-san lingered after the war even when the reference to wide angle was dropped; Saitō also mentions ''Matatabi no Chū-san'' (), “itinerant Mr Chū”.〕 Hayashi's photographs were published in the women's magazines ''Fujin Kōron'' and ''Shinjoen'' and the photography magazines ''Shashin Bunka'' and ''Shashin Shūhō.'' The couple had their second son, Jun (), in 1943. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Tadahiko Hayashi」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
|